The military transformation of Early Modern Europe -- An era of limited war -- The era of Revolutionary Wars, North America -- French Revolution and Napoleonic Wars -- Industrialization and the American Civil War -- Prussian military reforms and the wars of German unification -- The long peace -- The First World War -- The interwar period -- The Second World War in Europe -- The Second World War in Asia -- The Cold War, a new era of limited conflicts? -- Conflict in the post-cold War World -- Conclusion: The new security environment and the future of warfare.