Clinical trials of new medical treatments need to be conducted globally / Trudie Lang and Sisira Siribaddana -- Clinical trials are conducted overseas without adequate oversight / Donald L. Barlett and James B. Steele -- Volunteers are critical to advancing medicine through clinical trials / National Institutes of Health -- Paying human research subjects raises ethical concerns / Carl Elliott -- Rodents are overused as subjects in medical research / Daniel Engber -- Current federal oversight of human medical testing is inadequate / Jeanne Lenzer and Shannon Brownlee -- Current federal oversight of human medical testing could use refinement / Presidential Commission for the Study of Bioethical Issues -- Clinical research: time for sensible global guidelines / Trudie Lang, Phaik Yeong Cheah, and Nicholas J. White -- Medical testing on animals is cruel and unnecessary / People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals (PETA) -- Medical research involving animals is humane and necessary / Americans for Medical Progress -- Evidence fails to support routine mammograms starting at age forty / John Crewdson -- Women should receive screening mammograms starting at age forty / National Cancer Institute -- Why the PSA test is DOA / T.E. Holt -- Researchers: PSA test saves lives, government guidelines are wrong / Nick Tate -- Medical boards are recommending that doctors cut back on medical tests / H. Gilbert Welch -- Recommendations to cut back on medical tests are unfair / Hal Scherz -- Genetic testing for incurable diseases poses risks to consumers and families / Gregory Pence -- Consumers do not need to be protected from genetic information / Ronald Bailey -- Direct-to-consumer genetic tests and the right to know / Ronni Sandroff -- One step closer to designer babies: new noninvasive prenatal genetic testing could change human pregnancy forever / Marcy Darnovsky -- Prenatal genetic testing has broad support, even with increased abortion / William Saletan -- Testing ourselves: researchers simplify prenatal genetic scans / Charles A. Donovan.